Exploring shame and guilt among gender diverse population: A qualitative approach

Abstract

Transgender/Gender Queer is an umbrella termencompasses individuals whose gender identity,gender expression, or behavior does not conform tosex assigned at birth. Later in life, the physical andpsychological personality leads them to face manychallenges, which cause shame and guilt. The studyaims to explore the experience, coping strategies,predictor factors for shame and guilt, and suggestionfor mental health experts regarding diversepopulations’ concerns. The study utilizes a qualitativeapproach, adopting a narrative analysis method todelve into the complex and nuanced experiences ofshame and guilt. A purposive sampling method wasemployed to select twenty gender-diverse individualsaged 21 to 39 years. Semi-structured interviews wereconducted to gather data, allowing in-depthexploration of participants’ lived experiences andperspectives. The significant findings of the studyreveal that societal attitudes imposed narrowexpectations, perpetuated stereotypes, and fostered alack of understanding and empathy, contributing tofeelings of shame. Participants also highlighted theneed for sensitivity and respect in healthcaresettings, as misgendering and lack of respectfrom healthcare professionals were reported.Long-term impacts of guilt included socialstigma, isolation, and mental healthconsequences, such as self-harm and thedevelopment of inferiority complexes.Participants suggested that mental healthprofessionals should provide active listening,validation, culturally competent care, andavoid pathologizing. Family dynamics, societal54and cultural factors, and pressure to conformto societal norms were identified ascontributors to guilt. The study emphasizesthe importance of removing stigma,increasing awareness, and educating societyabout gender diversity in addressing guilt.Finding support and community within thegender-diverse population was crucial for